Diseases & Conditions
en español: Enfermedades y trastornos
Looking for information about a chronic childhood condition or disease? Read about asthma, allergies, cancer, diabetes, heart murmurs, sleep disorders, and much more.
- 5 Ways to Prepare for an Allergy Emergency
- Air Pollution and Asthma
- All About Allergies
- Allergies Center
- Allergy Shots
- Celiac Disease
- Coronavirus (COVID-19) and Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome in Children (MIS-C)
- Do Allergies Cause Asthma?
- Eczema (Atopic Dermatitis)
- Egg Allergy
- Fish Allergy
- Food Allergies
- Food Allergies Center
- Going to School With Food Allergies
- Henoch-Schönlein Purpura (HSP)
- Hives (Urticaria)
- If My Child Has Food Allergies, What Should I Look for When Reading Food Labels?
- Immune Thrombocytopenia
- Inflammation
- Insect Sting Allergy
- Kawasaki Disease
- Milk Allergy
- Milk Allergy in Infants
- Nut and Peanut Allergy
- Poison Ivy
- PrEP (Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis)
- Psoriasis
- Seasonal Allergies (Hay Fever)
- Serious Allergic Reactions (Anaphylaxis)
- Severe Combined Immunodeficiency
- Shellfish Allergy
- Soy Allergy
- Stem Cell Transplants
- Thrombocytopenia
- What Is Oral Allergy Syndrome?
- What Is Skin Testing for Allergies?
- What's the Difference Between a Food Allergy and a Food Intolerance?
- Wheat Allergy
- Words to Know: Transplants
- Arthrogram
- Coronavirus (COVID-19) and Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome in Children (MIS-C)
- Fibromyalgia
- Henoch-Schönlein Purpura (HSP)
- Inflammation
- Jumper's Knee
- Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis
- Lupus
- Asthma Center
- Asthma
- Asthma Flare-Ups
- Asthma Medicines
- Asthma Triggers
- Can Kids and Teens With Asthma Play Sports?
- Can the Weather Affect My Child's Asthma?
- Dealing With Triggers: Pets
- Definition: Exercise-Induced Asthma
- Exercise-Induced Asthma
- Inflammation
- Managing Asthma
- My Baby Is Wheezing. Is it Asthma?
- School and Asthma
- Traveling and Asthma
- What Are Nebulizers and Inhalers?
- What's an Asthma Action Plan?
- When to Go to the ER if Your Child Has Asthma
- Anterior Cruciate Ligament (ACL) Tears
- Arthrogryposis
- Basilar Invagination
- Becker Muscular Dystrophy
- Blount Disease
- Bow Legs (Genu Varum)
- Broken Bones
- Broken Collarbone (Clavicle Fracture)
- Buckle Fractures
- Casts
- Cervical Kyphosis
- Charcot-Marie-Tooth Disease (CMT)
- Chest Wall Disorder: Pectus Carinatum
- Chest Wall Disorder: Pectus Excavatum
- Chest Wall Disorder: Poland Syndrome
- CLOVES Syndrome
- Clubfoot
- Comminuted Fractures
- Common Childhood Orthopedic Conditions
- Compression Fracture of the Spine
- Congenital Kyphosis
- Costochondritis
- Craniosynostosis
- Developmental Dysplasia of the Hip
- Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy
- Dwarfism
- External Fixator: Pin Care
- Fibromyalgia
- Fibular Hemimelia
- Flat Feet
- Ganglion Cysts
- Greenstick Fractures
- Growth Plate Fractures
- Growth Plates
- Guillain-Barré Syndrome
- Halo Brace
- Halo-Gravity Traction
- How Broken Bones Heal
- How the Joints Work
- Idiopathic Scoliosis
- In-Toeing
- Incentive Spirometer
- Infant Torticollis
- Inflammation
- Jumper's Knee
- Knee Injuries
- Knock Knees (Genu Valgum)
- Kyphosis
- Leg Length Discrepancy
- Legg-Calvé-Perthes Disease
- Limb Differences
- Limb Lengthening Surgery: External Fixator
- Limb Lengthening Surgery: Internal Lengthening Device
- Little League Elbow
- Low Calcium in Babies (Hypocalcemia)
- Marfan Syndrome
- Medial Collateral Ligament (MCL) Injuries
- Muscular Dystrophy
- Myasthenia Gravis
- Myelomeningocele
- Nursemaid's Elbow
- Osgood-Schlatter Disease
- Osteochondritis Dissecans
- Osteogenesis Imperfecta (Brittle Bone Disease)
- Osteomyelitis
- Out-Toeing
- Panner's Disease
- Patellofemoral Pain Syndrome (Runner's Knee)
- Pectus Carinatum: Bracing
- Pectus Excavatum: The Nuss Procedure
- Pectus Excavatum: Vacuum Bell Device
- Polydactyly
- Pompe Disease
- Postural Kyphosis
- Radial Dysplasia
- Repetitive Stress Injuries in Sports
- Rickets
- Rigo Cheneau Brace
- Scheuermann's Kyphosis
- Scoliosis
- Scoliosis: Bracing
- Sever's Disease
- Shin Splints
- Slipped Capital Femoral Epiphysis (SCFE)
- Spina Bifida Occulta
- Spinal Fusion Surgery
- Spinal Muscular Atrophy (SMA)
- Spinal Muscular Atrophy: Steven's Story (Video)
- Splints
- Spondylolisthesis
- Spondylolysis
- Stress Fractures
- Symbrachydactyly
- Syndactyly
- The Ponseti Clubfoot Brace: Tips for Parents
- The Ponseti Method: Bracing Phase
- The Ponseti Method: Casting Phase
- The Ravitch Procedure
- The WREX Orthosis (Assistive Device)
- Thumb Duplication
- Thumb Hypoplasia
- Toe Walking
- Torticollis
- Ulnar Dysplasia
- What Is Collagen?
- Abusive Head Trauma (Shaken Baby Syndrome)
- Ataxia-Telangiectasia
- Ataxic Cerebral Palsy
- Bell's Palsy
- Benign Rolandic Epilepsy
- Brain and Nervous System Cancers
- Brain Tumors
- Burners and Stingers
- Cardiofaciocutaneous Syndrome
- Cerebral Palsy
- Cerebral Palsy (CP)
- Chiari I Malformation
- Childhood Absence Epilepsy (CAE)
- Concussions
- Costello Syndrome
- Craniopharyngioma
- Dyskinetic Cerebral Palsy
- Epilepsy
- Epilepsy Surgery
- Fainting
- Febrile Seizures
- Fetal Alcohol Syndrome
- Guillain-Barré Syndrome
- Headaches
- Hydrocephalus
- Infantile Spasms
- Intractable Epilepsy
- Is There a Connection Between Vaccines and Autism?
- Juvenile Myoclonic Epilepsy
- Ketogenic Diet
- Lead Poisoning
- Legius Syndrome
- Lennox-Gastaut Syndrome
- Lyme Disease
- Medulloblastoma
- Migraine Headaches
- Multiple Sclerosis
- Myasthenia Gravis
- Neurocutaneous Syndromes
- Neurofibromatosis Type 1
- Newborn Brachial Plexus Injuries
- Pompe Disease
- RASopathies
- Sanfilippo Syndrome
- Spastic Cerebral Palsy
- Spina Bifida
- Spinal Muscular Atrophy (SMA)
- Strokes
- Temporal Lobe Epilepsy
- Tourette Syndrome
- Tuberous Sclerosis
- VP Shunts
- What Is Acute Flaccid Myelitis?
- Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia (ALL)
- Acute Myeloid Leukemia (AML)
- Brain and Nervous System Cancers
- Brain Tumors
- Cancer Center
- Cardiofaciocutaneous Syndrome
- Chemotherapy
- Childhood Cancer
- Chronic Myelogenous Leukemia (CML)
- Costello Syndrome
- Craniopharyngioma
- Effects of Cancer Treatment on Fertility
- Ewing Sarcoma
- Germ Cell Tumors
- Hemolytic Anemia
- Hepatoblastoma
- Hepatocellular Carcinoma (HCC)
- Hodgkin Lymphoma
- Juvenile Myelomonocytic Leukemia (JMML)
- Legius Syndrome
- Leukemia
- Liver Tumors
- Lymphoma
- Medulloblastoma
- Melanoma
- Neuroblastoma
- Neurocutaneous Syndromes
- Neurofibromatosis Type 1
- Neutropenia
- Osteosarcoma
- Proton Therapy for Cancer
- Radiation Therapy
- Radioembolization (TARE-Y90) for Liver Tumors
- RASopathies
- Retinoblastoma
- Rhabdoid Tumor of the Liver
- Rhabdomyosarcoma (RMS)
- Side Effects of Chemotherapy and Radiation
- Sinonasal Tumors
- Skull Base Surgery
- Stem Cell Transplants
- Testicular Cancer
- Thrombocytopenia
- Thyroid Cancer
- Undifferentiated Embryonal Sarcoma of the Liver (UESL)
- Words to Know: Transplants
- Antegrade Continence Enema (ACE)
- Appendectomy
- Biliary Atresia
- Celiac Disease
- Chylous Ascites
- Chyluria
- Constipation
- Crohn's Disease
- Diarrhea
- Epigastric Hernias
- Fetal Abdominal Cyst
- Galactosemia
- Gastroesophageal Reflux
- Gastroschisis
- Hirschsprung Disease
- Immunizations and IBD
- Imperforate Anus
- Inflammatory Bowel Disease
- Inguinal Hernias
- Intestinal Malrotation
- Intussusception
- Lactose Intolerance
- Laryngomalacia
- Nasogastric Tube (NG Tube)
- Necrotizing Enterocolitis
- Nutrition Therapy and Crohn's Disease
- Pancreatitis
- Peptic Ulcers
- Pyloric Stenosis
- Short Bowel Syndrome
- Soiling (Encopresis)
- Stomachaches
- Tapeworm
- Transition of Care: Crohn's Disease
- Transition of Care: Inflammatory Bowel Disease
- Transition of Care: Ulcerative Colitis
- Ulcerative Colitis
- Umbilical Hernias
- When Your Child Needs a Liver Transplant
- Adenoids and Adenoidectomy
- Auditory Brainstem Response (ABR) Test
- Auditory Processing Disorder
- Balance Disorders
- Cholesteatoma
- Chronic Hoarseness
- Cleft Lip
- Cleft Lip/Cleft Palate: Feeding Your Child
- Cleft Palate
- Cleft Palate With Cleft Lip
- Cochlear Implants
- Ear Injuries
- Ear Tube Surgery
- Eardrum Injuries
- How Can Parents Help Kids Handle Teasing?
- How to Give Your Child Ear Drops
- Immunizations and Cochlear Implants
- Juvenile Nasopharyngeal Angiofibroma
- Laryngomalacia
- Nasopharyngoscopy
- Orofacial Clefts
- Ototoxicity (Ear Poisoning)
- Peritonsillar Abscess
- Sinonasal Tumors
- Speech-Language Therapy
- Speech-Language Therapy for Children With Cleft Palate
- Stuttering
- Submucous Cleft Palate
- Tonsillectomy
- Tympanoplasty
- Velopharyngeal Dysfunction
- Vocal Cord Dysfunction
- Acanthosis Nigricans
- Adrenal Insufficiency
- Can Diabetes Be Prevented?
- Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia
- Congenital Hypothyroidism
- Craniopharyngioma
- Cushing Syndrome
- Delayed Puberty
- Diabetes Center
- Failure to Thrive
- Goiters and Thyroid Nodules
- Growth Hormone Deficiency
- Hyperthyroidism and Graves’ Disease
- Hypothyroidism and Hashimoto’s Thyroiditis
- Insulin Resistance
- Intrauterine Growth Restriction (IUGR)
- Juvenile Nasopharyngeal Angiofibroma
- Klinefelter Syndrome
- Metabolic Syndrome
- Pancreatitis
- Thyroid Cancer
- Thyroid Disease
- Thyroid Tests
- Transition of Care: Diabetes
- Treating Type 1 Diabetes
- Treating Type 2 Diabetes
- Type 1 Diabetes: What Is It?
- Type 2 Diabetes: What Is It?
- What Is Gestational Diabetes?
- 22q11.2 Deletion Syndrome
- Albinism
- Ataxia-Telangiectasia
- Birth Defects
- Cardiofaciocutaneous Syndrome
- Charcot-Marie-Tooth Disease (CMT)
- CLOVES Syndrome
- Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia
- Congenital Hypothyroidism
- Costello Syndrome
- Down Syndrome
- Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy
- Dwarfism
- G6PD Deficiency
- Galactosemia
- Gene Changes (Mutations)
- Goiters and Thyroid Nodules
- Hemophilia
- Hemophilia: Handling Bleeds
- Hereditary Hemochromatosis
- Hyperthyroidism and Graves’ Disease
- Hypothyroidism and Hashimoto’s Thyroiditis
- Klinefelter Syndrome
- Legius Syndrome
- Maple Syrup Urine Disease
- Marfan Syndrome
- Muscular Dystrophy
- Neurocutaneous Syndromes
- Neurofibromatosis Type 1
- Newborn Screening Tests
- Noonan Syndrome
- Phenylketonuria (PKU)
- Prenatal Genetic Counseling
- Pyruvate Kinase Deficiency
- RASopathies
- Sanfilippo Syndrome
- Sickle Cell Trait
- Tay-Sachs Disease
- Thyroid Disease
- Thyroid Tests
- Treacher Collins Syndrome
- Triple X Syndrome
- Tuberous Sclerosis
- Turner Syndrome
- What Is Epigenetics?
- XYY Syndrome
- Alpha Thalassemia
- Anemia
- Aortic Aneurysm
- Aortic Stenosis
- Aplastic Anemia
- Arrhythmia (Abnormal Heartbeat)
- Arteriovenous Malformations
- Atrial Septal Defect (ASD)
- Beta Thalassemia
- Blood Types
- Body Basics: The Heart (Slideshow)
- Cardiac Catheterization
- Cardiac Stents
- Cardiomyopathy
- Cholesterol
- Chylous Ascites
- Coarctation of the Aorta
- Congenital Heart Defects
- Congenital Hemangiomas
- Dictionary: Aorta
- Dictionary: Blalock-Taussig (BT) shunt
- Dictionary: Blood Pressure
- Dictionary: Heart Transplant
- Dictionary: Inferior Vena Cava
- Dictionary: Interstage Period
- Dictionary: Left Atrium
- Dictionary: Left Ventricle
- Dictionary: Open-Heart Surgery
- Dictionary: Right Atrium
- Dictionary: Right Ventricle
- Dictionary: Sano shunt
- Dictionary: Single Ventricle Defect
- Dictionary: Superior Vena Cava
- Double Outlet Right Ventricle (DORV)
- Ebstein Anomaly
- Echocardiogram
- Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation (ECMO)
- Fetal Echocardiogram
- G6PD Deficiency
- Heart Health Center
- Heart Murmurs
- Hemolytic Anemia
- Hemophilia
- Hemophilia: Handling Bleeds
- Henoch-Schönlein Purpura (HSP)
- Hereditary Spherocytosis
- Hypertension (High Blood Pressure)
- Hypoplastic Left Heart Syndrome (HLHS)
- Hypoplastic Left Heart Syndrome Surgery: The Fontan Procedure
- Hypoplastic Left Heart Syndrome Surgery: The Glenn Procedure
- Hypoplastic Left Heart Syndrome Surgery: The Norwood Procedure
- Immune Thrombocytopenia
- Infantile Hemangiomas
- Interrupted Aortic Arch (IAA)
- Iron-Deficiency Anemia
- Kawasaki Disease
- Long QT Syndrome
- Lymphatic Malformations
- Marfan Syndrome
- Metabolic Syndrome
- Mitral Valve Prolapse
- Myocarditis
- Noonan Syndrome
- Patent Ductus Arteriosus (PDA)
- Patent Foramen Ovale (PFO)
- Port-Wine Stains
- Postural Orthostatic Tachycardia Syndrome (POTS)
- Premature Ventricular Contractions
- Pulmonary Stenosis
- Pulse Oximetry (Pulse Ox)
- Raynaud's Syndrome
- Sclerotherapy
- Sickle Cell Disease
- Single Ventricle Defects
- Stem Cell Transplants
- Strokes
- Sturge-Weber Syndrome
- Supraventricular Tachycardia (SVT)
- Tetralogy of Fallot (TOF)
- Thrombocytopenia
- Tricuspid Atresia
- Truncus Arteriosus
- Venous Malformations
- Ventricular Septal Defect (VSD)
- Von Willebrand Disease
- When Your Child Needs a Heart Transplant
- Words to Know (Heart Glossary)
- Blood in the Urine (Hematuria)
- Chyluria
- Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia
- Dialysis
- Glomerulonephritis
- Hemodialysis
- Henoch-Schönlein Purpura (HSP)
- Hydrocele
- Hypospadias
- Kidney Diseases in Childhood
- Kidney Stones
- Meatal Stenosis
- Meatoplasty
- Nephrotic Syndrome
- Peritoneal Dialysis
- Recurrent Urinary Tract Infections and Related Conditions
- Renal Tubular Acidosis
- Testicular Torsion
- Ureteral Stent
- Vesicoureteral Reflux (VUR)
- When Your Child Has a Chronic Kidney Disease
- When Your Child Needs a Kidney Transplant
- Wilms Tumor
- ADHD
- ADHD Medicines
- Autism Spectrum Disorder
- Neurocutaneous Syndromes
- Therapy for ADHD
- Understanding Dyslexia
- Apnea of Prematurity
- Asthma
- Bronchitis
- Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia (BPD)
- Chylothorax
- Cystic Fibrosis
- Cystic Fibrosis and Nutrition
- Dietary Tips for Kids With Cystic Fibrosis
- Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation (ECMO)
- Fetal Lung Mass
- Incentive Spirometer
- Intraventricular Hemorrhage in Newborns
- Laryngomalacia
- Managing Asthma
- Meconium Aspiration Syndrome (MAS)
- Plastic Bronchitis
- Pulse Oximetry (Pulse Ox)
- Respiratory Distress Syndrome
- Transient Tachypnea of the Newborn (TTN)
- Vocal Cord Dysfunction
- Hydrocele
- Klinefelter Syndrome
- Miscarriages
- PMS, Cramps, and Irregular Periods
- Precocious Puberty
- Talking to Your Kids About STDs
- Testicular Torsion
- Turner Syndrome
- Vaginal Yeast Infections
- Vaginitis in Children
- Your Daughter's First Gynecology Visit